A1 (Sectors)

Health and social care is delivered by 4 sectors

• public (statutory) - covered by law.
• private (independent)
• voluntary (independent)
• informal (family and friends)

• You have no right to receive care from the independent sectors.

• Combination of all four sectors.
• Benefit - Greater flexibility / Greater Choice / Independence is promoted / Creates competition
• Example - A GP (public) may arrange for a service user to move into a (Private) residential care home.

• Care delivered by state - entitled to everyone.
• Paid for by taxes (part of your work payslip is transferred to paying for health services)
• Everyone has an entitlement to care (EQUALITY ACT 2010)
• Mainly free, but there are some charges for dental care, eye tests and prescriptions (unless exempt)

• Provide funding for service (don't have to pay)
• Accountable to the public (Anyone can access)
• Services are co-ordinated and therefore services are similar across UK (Doesn't differ in the way you are treated - MORE NORMALISATION LESS WAREHOUSING)

• Nanny state exists (no control as an individual)
• Demand is very high (Many people will want to be treated at the same time so therefore not every practioner will be able to see all)
• Can be very bureaucratic (Government makes decisions for all individuals)

• VOLUNTARY                
  
• INFORMAL                
  
• PRIVATE
• PUBLIC

• MIXED ECONOMY OF CARE
• INDEPENDENCE
• CHOICE
• EFFICIENT USE OF RESOURCES
  
• STRAIN REDUCED ON STATE

• LAWS
  
• ENTITLEMENT
• TAXES
  

• FREE
• RESPOND QUICKLY
• ACCOUNTABLE TO THE PUBLIC
• NANNY STATE
• COSTLY
• EQUAL ACCESS

• Part of the independent sector
• Not funded through taxes.
• Non profit organisation.
• Relies on volunteers and donations

• Part of the mixed economy of care.
• Reduces the presssure on state.
• Diverse.
• Puts pressure on the government.
• Efficient and flexible in meeting the changing needs of society.

• Under pressure
• Effective if volunteers are available
• Support provided is not specialist (may be worse rather than better for the service user)
• Financially limited.

Volunteers and paid staff

Independent sector

Non-profit

Donations

Gaps are filled

Reduces pressure on state

Excellent at meeting local needs

Effective in lobbying.

Compete with private sector and other charities

Economical difficulties due to financial issues

• Part of the independent sector
• Ran to make a profit.
• Charges service users.

• Greater choice.
• Mixed economy of care.
• Quicker response time
• Respond to demand quicker.
• Shorter waiting times.

• Creates inequality.
• Profit making.
• More interested in money than patient.
• Expensive - only a minority can afford.

Profit

Independent sector

Charge service users/public sector

Respond quickly

Inequality

Choice

Expensive

Resources are better

Shorter waiting times (reduces public sector waiting time and burden)

• Care is provided by family or friends (loved ones provide care - has a positive effect on service user)
• They are unpaid.

• Example - Parent giving medicine to a child

• Fills the gaps in care (Every section of care is covered)
• Care provider knows and cares for the individual (Knows the individual's strengths and weaknesses)
• Can be available 24/7 (Service user knows that someone will always be there to care and look after them)

• Huge burden on carer (Not always able to provide care for service user - causes a negative effect on health)
• Not qualified so they might make mistakes (Might make the situation worse)

FRIENDS OR FAMILY

UNPAID

GAPS

BURDEN ON CARER

AVAILABLE 24/7

NOT QUALIFIED

KNOW THE PERSON THAT THEY ARE CARING FOR