(AQA GCSE P3.1.1) X-Ray Machines and CT Scanners
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?- Created by: Em
- Created on: 18-04-13 20:11
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- X-Ray Machines and CT Scanners
- X-ray machines
- How do they work?
- Body part e.g. is put in front of photographic film, photographic film is white but turns black when hit by x-rays.
- X-rays absorbed by bones so where they do not pass through and hit the film, it stays white.
- This means fractures in bones can be seen and cavities in teeth.
- X-rays absorbed by bones so where they do not pass through and hit the film, it stays white.
- Body part e.g. is put in front of photographic film, photographic film is white but turns black when hit by x-rays.
- Advantages
- Cheaper than CT
- Lower dose than CT scanners, less dangerous
- Disadvantages
- Image produced is 2D and not very detailed
- How do they work?
- CT scanners
- How do they work?
- Machine which is basically an x-ray tube. Person is inside this tube.
- An x-ray emitter rotates around the tube so x-rays will hit the person in all directions.
- Connect it to a CCD (charge-coupled device) which converts x-rays to light and the image can appear on a screen.
- An x-ray emitter rotates around the tube so x-rays will hit the person in all directions.
- Machine which is basically an x-ray tube. Person is inside this tube.
- Advantages
- Detailed 3D image, distinguishes between hard and soft tissue
- Disadvantages
- Higher dose of x-rays needed, costly and more dangerous
- Expensive
- How do they work?
- SAFETY
- Due to ionization, people who work in close contact with x-rays on a regular basis can use lead shielding. Lead absorbs x-rays.
- Film badges can also be used, they have film inside and the case is plastic so x-rays pass through and hit the film. The film is then checked and if it is too dark it could mean dangerous doses of x-rays.
- X-ray machines
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