Waves 1
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?- Created by: Hollie
- Created on: 28-05-14 12:12
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- Waves 1
- Longitudinal waves
- Oscillations are parallel to the direction of the wave
- Example: Sound waves - vibrations ore passed through the air causing particles to be displaced from their equilibrium positions forming compressions and rarefractions.
- Transverse waves
- Oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave
- Example: Light
- Characteristics
- Amplitude - the maximum displacement of a particle in a wave
- Wavelength - the distance between two identical points on successive waves
- Frequency - the number of complete waves passing a point in one second
- Period - time taken for one complete oscillation (1/f)
- Superposition
- In phase - two waves with a phase difference of a whole number of wavelengths travelling in the same direction
- Constructive interference - when two waves are in phase forming a wave of a larger amplitude
- Maxima - forms an antinode where constructive interference takes place.
- Constructive interference - when two waves are in phase forming a wave of a larger amplitude
- Antiphase - two waves with a phase difference of an odd number of half wavelengths travelling in opposite directions.
- Path difference - the difference in the distance traveled by two waves
- When two or more waves arrive at the same place at the same time, superposition occurs and waves interfere with a resultant displacement being the sum of the individual displacements.
- Standing waves - formed by the superposition of a continuous wave reflected from a boundary forming an intereference pattern of maxima and minima.
- Maxima - forms an antinode where constructive interference takes place.
- Minima - forms nodes where destructive interference takes place. The distance between two adjacent minimas is half the wavelength.
- Destructive interference - when two waves are antiphase and the waves cancel out
- Antiphase - two waves with a phase difference of an odd number of half wavelengths travelling in opposite directions.
- Destructive interference - when two waves are antiphase and the waves cancel out
- In phase - two waves with a phase difference of a whole number of wavelengths travelling in the same direction
- Longitudinal waves
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