AQA GCSE RE: War and Peace

Created by: caitlinford74
Created on: 12-04-16 09:53

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War and Peace
- Overarching Religious Opinions
  - Islam - war is okay
  - Christian - Just/Holy War
    - 'Nuclear weapons can't be justified and deserve condemnation'
    - Life is God-given / Sanctity of Life
  - Buddhism - strive for peace, war isn't okay
    - Peace: absence of conflict
    - Buddhists are pacifists
      - They don't believe in fighting as it goes against their first moral precept
        Pacifists believe violence against a human is wrong
        Pacifists believe war can never be justified
        
        Pacifists are conscientious objectors
      - Conscientious objector: killing is against thier conscience
  - Why War?
    - Defend country
    - Defend ally
    - Defend beliefs
      - Religious Reason
    - Gain money/power
    - Stop mass murder
    - Gain land
    - Remove a leader/dictator
- Case Studies
  - Vietnam War
    - 47,000 died
    - 8.7m troops
    - 5 16y/o killed
    - 5283 lost limbs
    - average troop age was 22
      - 7500 women served
  - Chinese Invasion of Tibet 1959
    - They broke vows not to fight- which goes against the first moral precept
    - Chinese government had a mass genocide of Tibetans
    - They taught the children
    - Buddhist War
- Just and Holy War
  - Just War 7 conditions
    - Last Resort
    - Establish good
    - Reasonable chance of success
    - Authority declaration
    - Good outweighs evil
    - Good reason
    - Proportional
  - Holy War 3 conditions
    - Has a religious goal
    - Fought in the name of God
    - Fought by a religious leader
  - CHRISTIAN IDEAS
- Islam & War
  - Jihad: to strive or struggle in the way of Allah
    - Greater Jihad: the personal, spiritual struggles of a Muslim to follow the teaching of Allah
  - Islam means peace
    - 'Hate your enemy mildly, for he may become your friend one day'
    - 'If an enemy inclines towards peace, you should and have trust in Allah as he sees all'
  - Muslims say 'salaam' (peace be with you)
- Weapons of Mass Destruction
  - WMD: Weapons that can kill large numbers of people and/or create great damage
    - Proliferation: spreading to other countries and getting more numerous
  - Nuclear
    - Fusion Bombs
    - Fission Bombs
    - Neutron Bombs
    - Radioactive fallout will kill more than the original explosion
  - Biological
    - Enters food/water supplies
    - Banned under Geneva conventions
    - e.g plauge, ebola
  - Chemical
    - Banned in 1925
    - gets chemicals into the blood e.g mustard gas
    - used by UK & Germany in the past
    - still used in Vietnam & Iraq
    - can cause choking / burning / paralysis
  - ARGUMENTS FOR WMD
    - It's a deterrent
    - Protects a country from attack
    - A country would be vulnerable without it
  - ARGUMENTS AGAINST WMD
    - CND has set up to protest against them
      - CND: campaign for nuclear disarmament
        INCLUDE THIS!
    - It isn't peaceful
    - Goes against religious ideas
    - Inhumane / killing is wrong
- UNITED NATIONS
  - 2003 UN mission in Liberia
  - UN conflict with democratic republic of the Congo 2010
    - Both about peace
      - 2003 UN mission in Liberia
  - MDG (millenium development goal)
    - run by the UN, 8 goals were set up in 2000
- TEACHINGS
  - Christian
    - 'nuclear weapons can't be justified'
  - Islam
    - All countries, starting with those that have the most nuclear weapons, should destroy these
  - Buddhism
  - Quakers
    - We believe nations should remove compre hensive disarmament.
    - We urge removal of all weapons
- TERRORISM
  - Condemned by all religions
  - Doesn't fit with religious teaching or Just/Holy War criteria
  - No justification of it
  - Terrorism: an act of extreme violence that is carried out unauthorised groups. Designed to kill as many people as possible
    - Indiscriminately - not caring who
- IRENA SENDLER (1920 - 2008)
  - A Polish nurse
    - She smuggled 2,500 children from the Warsaw Ghetto in WW2 then provided them with fake ID and shelter
  - She found non-Jewish families for the children to be adopted by
  - Nazi's broke her arms and legs for it
  - she kept all the names in a jar in her back yard and tried to find their families
- TURNING FOR TIDE
- RED CROSS
  - Untitled
Bosnian War
- 1992-1995
- Case Studies
  - Vietnam War
    - 47,000 died
    - 8.7m troops
    - 5 16y/o killed
    - 5283 lost limbs
    - average troop age was 22
      - 7500 women served
  - Chinese Invasion of Tibet 1959
    - They broke vows not to fight- which goes against the first moral precept
    - Chinese government had a mass genocide of Tibetans
    - They taught the children
    - Buddhist War
- 250,000 died
- UN refused to intervene
- 18/3/94 - Muslims and Croats signed peace accord
- 20/12/95 - NATO takes over peacekeeping duties from UN
- 19/2/94 - NATO shoots down Serbian Aircraft
Army Chaplain: a religious minister who brings religion to all British troops; Buddhist, Muslim, Christian etc

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AQA GCSE RE: War and Peace

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