Unit B451: An Introduction to P.E Part 1

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  • Unit B451: An Introduction to P.E
    • Key Concepts
      • Competence
        • The skills you learn and how you apply them to physical activity.
        • Have learned the appropiate skills
          • e.g. In hockey need to learn how to stop and hit the ball
        • Know when to use these skills
          • e.g. In basketball, know when to shoot
        • Use appropiate tactics in the activity
          • e.g. In football to know when to concentrate on attacking and when to put your efforts into defending
      • Performance
        • Producing effective outcomes when participating in physical activity
        • Performing well, needing to be physically able and having good skills
          • e.g. If you are in the school netball team then you would probably be able to run fast over  short distance and change direction well.
        • Need to know what is required on order to perform skills well
          • e.g.  If you are in the school football team you would read the game well and be able to make appropiate runs at the right time
      • Creativity
        • exploring and experimenting with techniques, tactics and ideas in order to do well in physical activity
        • Use your imagination and trying things and trying things out before deciding the best course of action
          • e.g. Explore different ideas in long jump until you find one suits your own abilities
      • Healthy, active lifestyle
        • Undersdtanding the link between physical activity and a healthy active lifestyle
          • e.g. If you participate regularly in a team sport like netball you are more likely to become healthy
        • Understanding the purpose of physical activity in making us healthy
        • Understanding exercising or particpatin regularly will make you happier in yourself aswell as fitter
    • Fundermental motor skills
      • Running
        • Developed during the toddler years and is the basis of many types of physical activity
        • Running can be analysed through technique -the type of style participant uses to run.
        • Asessment of running is often through timing.
      • Throwing
        • Throwing is crucial in activities such as athletics
        • Learning the proper throwing technique will go a long way towards avoiding injuring someone and increasing distanve throw
        • The throwing action can be transferred to a number of different activities
          • e.g. In tennis the serve involves a throwing action
        • Measured through the distance the object is thrown
      • Jumping
        • Jumping as a fundermental motor skill is an event in its own right
          • e.g. Long jump or High jump
        • Also a basic requirement for many physical activities in sports
        • Measured through the height or distance of the jump
          • Style of jump may also be assessed
            • e.g. If performing a creative dance or gymnastic routie
      • Kicking
        • The correct technique and accuracy are the most important elements of this action
        • Football kicking techniques canbe basic: shooting and passing skills, or advanced: bending the ball  around the wall and overhead kicks
        • Asessed through accuracy of the kick as well as distance travelled by the ball
          • e.g. Successful passes or scoring goals in football
      • Catching
        • Catching is important to 'catch an opponent out'
          • e.g. In rounders and cricket to catch the batswoman out
        • Many palyground activities involve catching and is often where young people learn different ways to catch
        • Assesed through accuracy -whether the ball is caught or not
      • Hitting
        • Hitting involves the use of a hitting implement -usually some sort of bat or racket
          • e.g. In cricket/rounders hitting with a bat, and in tennis with a racket
        • Assesed by how far you can hit the ball as well as the accuracy of your hit
          • e.g. Hitting the ball in hockey can be assessed by accuary- did you pass the ball accurately
    • Decision making in physical activity
      • Pertformer/Participant
        • Participate in physical activity
          • e.g. In an exercise class or your chosen sport you will playa role
        • The role might be to follow the instructions from a class tutor or in a sport it might be to be the captain
      • Coach/Leader
        • You could be the coach of a sports team or an individual
          • e.g. A coach might decide to which pklayers to pick for a football match
        • You could be a fitness intructor or a leader of an exercise class
          • e.g. A fitness instructor might decide which main muscle groups to work
      • Official
        • Being an official might mean you referee the game
          • e.g. Referee enforces the laws of a game
        • An official could be a judge in a gymnastics competition
        • Help to organise a competition or physical activity
    • Abiding by rules, etiquette and sportsmanship
      • Etiquette
        • Involves codes of behaviour to complement rulesand regulations of physical activity
          • e.g. Always applaud the new batsman in cricket.
          • e.g. Wearing white at Wimbledon
      • Abiding by rules
        • designed to protect partipants, leaders and officials
        • Less likely for accidents to occur or peoples lives at risk, if rules and regulations are followed
        • Rules allow activity to be played fairly and more enjoyable
      • Sportsmanship
        • Sportsmanship also involves codes of behaviour to complement the rules and regulations fo physical activity
          • e.g. Shake hands with your opponent
          • e.g. Show concern for others when they are injured or under stress
          • e.g. Do not stretch the rules to take advantage over someone else
    • The componentsof fitness and a healthy, balanced lifestyle
      • Cardiovascular endurance or stamina
        • The cardiovascular system involves transporting oxygen around the body.
        • The system includes: the heart, the network of blood vessels and the blood that transports essential material around the body
        • With a healthy balaced lifestyle:healthy more effiecient capilliaries, healthy heart, good blood circulation
      • Muscular endurance
        • Muscular endurance is the ability to keep on going without rest
        • With a HAL the muscular system can keep going because of greater aerobic potential
        • Cardiac hypertrophy
      • Speed
        • Speed is the ability of the body to move quickly
        • The movement may be the whole body or parts of the body
          • e.g. arm speed in cricket bowling in sport
        • With a HAL: heart and lungs are more efficient, muscles can move quicker because they have more energy available
      • Strength
        • strength is the ability of a muscle to exert force for a short period fo time
        • The amount of force that can be exerted by a muscle depends on siza and number of muscles involved and coordination
        • As part of a healthy active lifestyle it is important to have strength to lift and carry objects and in sport.
          • e.g. Hit a ball ahrder in tennis
      • Flexibility
        • Flexibility is the amount or range of movement that you can have around a joint
        • Enables us to move quickeer and more effectively, we are less likely to be injured as we go about our daily routines
        • HAL: Ligaments and supporting tissue can stretch further

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