Stalins Dictatorship : USSR 1924-1941

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  • Created by: Ellie
  • Created on: 09-06-13 16:53
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  • Stalins Dictatorship : USSR 1924-1941
    • The emergence of Stalin
      • The death and funeral of Lenin
        • Lenin suffered a series of strokes and died in January 1924
        • Russia was changed to the USSR
        • Stalin planned his funeral and told Trotsky the wrong date
      • The background of Stalin and Trotsky
        • Stalin
          • Humble origins
          • Ruthless
          • Became general secretary of the party
          • hated intelectuals
        • Trotsky
          • clever
          • in 1917 he was chairman of the petrograd soviet
          • commissar for war
          • created the red army
          • jewish
      • Lenins testament
        • in 1922 Lenin wrote his thoughts on who his assessor should be
        • In 1923 he added a postscript critical of Stalin
        • Stalin influenced the party not to publish it
      • Claims to power
        • Stalin
          • loyal Bolshevik
          • Doctored photos so it looked like he was with Lenin
          • organised Lenins funeral
          • Wanted a communist USSR
          • Believed in socialism in one country
        • Trotsky
          • Carried out the October/ November revolution
          • Created the Red army and lead them to win the civil war
          • wanted communism to spread quickly
          • believed in world revolution
      • Communist rule in the late 1920's
        • Shared between 9 members of the Politburo
        • Many areas wanted independence
        • Lenin propaganda was everywhere
        • Censorship was imposed
      • The struggle between Trotsky and Stalin
        • Stalin published a book called the foundations of Leninism
        • Stalin appointed his supporters as junior officials
        • Stalin became editor of Pravda
        • Trotsky suffered for being a jew
        • Trotsky wanted to revolutionise agriculture
        • Stalin wanted to continue with the NEP
        • in 1926 Trotsky Zinoviev and Kamanev were dismissed from the politburo
        • In 1929 Trotsky was expelled from the USSR
    • How did Stalin reinforce his Dictatorship
      • The Control of the communist party
        • He controlled through the Politburo
        • His secret police were the NKVD and they stopped all criticism of Stalin
      • The constitution of 1936
        • appeared to give rights and freedom to the citizens of the USSR
        • The NKVD ignored it
        • The supreme soviet was elected but all candidates were communist and the votes were rigged
      • The purges and the great terror
        • Reasons for the purges
          • Stalin was intimidated
          • He was paranoid
        • The extent of the purges
          • People who were purged were remmed from all photos
          • Anyone feared by Stalin could be arrested over false charges
        • Show Trials
          • Began in 1936
          • People would be tortured and threatened until they admitted to what Stalin wanted them to admit to
          • After pleading guilty they would be executed
          • Trials were published
        • Who was arrested
          • Leadership rivals
          • Old Mensheviks
          • Army commanders
          • Kulaks
          • Saboteurs
          • Academics
        • The great terror
          • The NKVD were feared everywhere
          • Gulags
            • Conditions were shocking
            • Most people died from cold malnutrition or disease
          • Working conditions were brutal
        • Consequences of the purges
          • The number of communist party members fell
          • People lived in constant fear
          • The NKVD ruled the population with terror
          • Stalin had weakened the USSR intellectually so industry slowed down
          • The army was weak
      • The Cult of personality
        • Propaganda
          • censorship was tightened
          • Musicians were controlled
          • Art was controlled
          • Posters had modern art
          • Posters had huge heroic images
        • Education
          • Curriculum was dictated by the government
          • History was rewritten to suit Stalin
          • Trotsky was removed from History
        • NKVD had spies everywhere
        • Political youth groups were set up
        • Stalin encouraged the destruction  of religion
    • To what extent did Stalin make the USSR a great economic power
      • The economic state in the USSR late 1920's
        • low industrial output
        • Stalin wanted to modernise agriculture
        • NEP promised growth but at a slow rate
      • Farming
        • 5 year plans could only work if produce was increased
        • they needed to feed the growing population and export surplus
      • Collectivisation
        • How it worked
          • Peasants had to give up land and work on large farms with other families
          • Farms were supplied by the state wit things they needed
          • Most produce went to the state
          • Kulaks opposed it as they had become rich under the NEP
          • most Kulaks refused to give up their land
        • The effects of it
          • A huge propaganda campaign was launched
          • Many peasants killed their animals in protest
          • Country side was ruined due to fights between the NKVD and peasants
          • Food production fell
      • Industrialisation
        • five year plans
          • Why Stalin wanted to industrialise the USSR
            • security
            • Socialism in one country
            • Proving communism works
          • there were 2 five year plans between 1928 and 1933 and 1933 and 1937
          • very high targets were set and few were reached but industry still made advances
        • consequences
          • The USSR was a huge industrial power
          • Big projects were completed quickly
          • large investments in education
          • huge pressure was put on workers to meet targets
          • Safety standards were low

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