Stalin in Power, 1928-53
- Created by: Bigboi_Butterz
- Created on: 21-03-18 09:15
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- Stalin in power 1928 - 53
- The elimination of Stalin's opponents
- Before Stalin took control Lenin's government had been pluralistic, there were a number of powerful people in the communist party.
- After the ban on factions, Stalin transformed the party in four ways.
- He had established a ideological orthodoxy
- He had destroyed the authority of other main contenders
- he changed the nature of party membership
- He had created the patronage system
- When Lenin became ill, Stalin fought off is opponents to become the next successor
- Zinoviev, best friend of Lenin, convinced party to ignore Lenin's testament; was back stabbed by Stalin in 1925
- Bukharin; consistent communist, father son relationship with Lenin, but they disagreed; backstabbed by Stalin 1928
- Trotsky, most famous member of gov. Important roles in revolution and civil war, Lenin's right hand man. Joined Bolsheviks late, disagreed with Lenin, (Not a true Leninist) Continually opposed Stalin, exiled.
- After the ban on factions, Stalin transformed the party in four ways.
- Ideological Orthodoxy
- Stalin had to establish that he, rather than others was a true Leninist.
- Created the idea of socialism in one country, developing socialism without a global revolution.
- Collectivization and industry, changing policy of NEP to radical communism, industrialization made through profit of agriculture.
- Refused to work with other party idea. Saw them as a threat to communism and therefore arrested and exiled other leaders.
- Created the idea of socialism in one country, developing socialism without a global revolution.
- Refused to work with other party idea. Saw them as a threat to communism and therefore arrested and exiled other leaders.
- Refused to work with other party idea. Saw them as a threat to communism and therefore arrested and exiled other leaders.
- Stalin had to establish that he, rather than others was a true Leninist.
- Party Membership
- To help with leadership struggle, Stalin introduced party membership, who often supported less intellectual Stalin.
- As Stalin promoted party members, they tended to support Stalin to get well paid jobs, cared more about careers than goal of revolution.
- Stalin began to set the issues for congress to discuss, pushing greater control over the party/
- To help with leadership struggle, Stalin introduced party membership, who often supported less intellectual Stalin.
- Before Stalin took control Lenin's government had been pluralistic, there were a number of powerful people in the communist party.
- The Purges of the 1930's
- Stalin's power was insecure. he feared he would lose power
- Stalin responded to these perceived threats by launching the Great Terror, A campaign of arrests, torture, mass imprisonment and executions.
- 10 million Soviet citizens, 10% of the population
- Stalin established the Purges to reduce challenge of his authority by political rivals, and to blame economic problems on workers, instead of his policies
- Show trials prosecuted Zinoviev, Kamenev, Burkharin and their supporters (Trotsky supporters too) Forced them to confessing.
- Kirovs muder started purges, Stalins main rival was removed (most likely mudered by Stalin
- Kirovs muder started purges, Stalins main rival was removed (most likely mudered by Stalin
- Secret trials allowed Stalin to reomve all Red Army generals who worked under Trotsky, 8 generals, 37,000 officers.
- Show trials prosecuted Zinoviev, Kamenev, Burkharin and their supporters (Trotsky supporters too) Forced them to confessing.
- Stalin responded to these perceived threats by launching the Great Terror, A campaign of arrests, torture, mass imprisonment and executions.
- Consequences of great terror
- Eliminated Stalins rivals
- Removed a whole generation of Leninists, Stalin could claim authority
- Led to emergence of new generation of communists who owed their allegiance to Stalin.
- Stalin's power was insecure. he feared he would lose power
- Stalin's power over party and state
- Lenin didnt define the party and the state, so the party became more powerful than the state
- Stalin became leader of the party and used the party to enforce rule
- The need for an efficient was highlighted during war so Stalin changed the organisation of the government
- He ended mass terror so officials could work
- He allowed state power to grow (make decisions)
- Changed composition of Politburo so it became co-ordinated
- He created State defence comitee
- Following the war Stalin kept power by placing government competition against eachother
- Stalin started using terror again threatening those who opposed him
- Stalin was wary of Leningrad power so executed many officials
- Stalin tested the loyalty of his officials by imprisoning family
- In conclusion Stalin ruled the party and had power over the state. They could not oppose Stalin.
- Stalin fostered competition and used Terror. After his death heirs would have to revive party and state to save Soviet government
- The elimination of Stalin's opponents
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