Other Problems Facing Tsarist Russia
- Created by: jilly2272
- Created on: 20-12-17 15:37
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- Other Problems Facing Tsarist Russia
- Peasants
- 80% of population
- Poor working conditions
- The Mir (village council) restricted their freedom
- Although was a relative democracy, would not allow for peasants to leave without permision
- Would flog or send peasants to the army if they misbehaved
- Although was a relative democracy, would not allow for peasants to leave without permision
- The Mir (village council) restricted their freedom
- Still bitter about the Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861
- Believed the land belonged to them not the government
- Wanted to own their own land
- Wanted the big land owners to give up the last of their land
- Plots of land too small to make living
- Agriculture was essential to the Russian economy
- Backwards: bad technology e.g. wooden ploughs
- Needed to achieve two things
- Feed the Country
- Sell abroad to gain more money
- Agriculture was essential to the Russian economy
- Lots of uprisings
- Mainly occurred during bad harvests and they were starving
- Political Opposition
- Liberals
- Originated from Alexander II's rule
- Wanted civil rights and freedom (democracy)
- Violent, used newspapers and Zemstva to extend power
- Revolutionaries
- Populists originating in 1860s to 1880s
- Was peaceful but resorted to terrorism - responsible for the assassination of Alexander II
- SRs
- Formed 1901
- Believed peasants were the main source to create revolution
- Wanted to taken from the state and distributed by the peasants
- Believed peasants were the main source to create revolution
- Terrorism
- Marxists
- Working class key to revolution
- Revolution inevitable
- Liberals
- Urban Workers
- By 1900, 3 million urban workers (2.5% of population)
- Mainly made up of ex-peasants
- Poor working conditions
- 11 hour work days (at least)
- Harsh environments (disciplined brutally for minor mistakes)
- Accidents, disease and deaths common
- Low wages
- Poor living conditions
- Large numbers lived together in barracks near factories - dirty and small
- Men, women and children lived side by side - with no privacy
- Posed a threat
- Resented the poor working conditions
- Exploitation of workers happened a lot in small workshops
- High literacy rate of 57.8%
- More receptive to revolutionary ideas
- Concentrated numbers
- Some factories employed thousands, meaning it was easier to organise strikes
- By 1900, 3 million urban workers (2.5% of population)
- National Minorities
- Minorities hated Russification and Russian Rule
- Russification: a policy that made nationalities learn Russian and adopt Russian habits and customs
- Attack on their culture, lifestyle and specifically religion
- Jews forced to live in the Pale of Settlement and suffered anti-semitism on a legal level through policy
- Discrimination
- "Pure" Russians would get important jobs first and always
- Discrimination
- Jews forced to live in the Pale of Settlement and suffered anti-semitism on a legal level through policy
- Discrimination
- "Pure" Russians would get important jobs first and always
- Minorities hated Russification and Russian Rule
- Peasants
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