Mumbai
- Created by: Jc1415
- Created on: 25-01-22 17:26
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- Mumbai
- Site and Situation
- Mumbai lies by the estuary of the Ulhas River
- The port has grown across the estuary
- In monsoon season low-lying roads are flooded
- it has formed a Conurbation
- Mumbai lies by the estuary of the Ulhas River
- Mumbai is a megacity, India's main commercial city and a world city
- About 25 million people lived in the metropolitan area in 2015
- National and International connections
- Mumbai's has a deep-water harbor is India's second largest port
- Its west coast location makes it closer to Europe
- Most Indian cities are within 2 hour flight time
- Structure of Mumbai
- Because of the harbor, the CBD is not in the center, but is at the islands tip
- Industrial areas are near the port, or places such as Navi Mumbai
- Residential areas show high levels of inequalities
- Wealthy suburbs are all inner areas along waterfronts, close to the CBD
- Middle-low income areas are in older parts of the city, further from CBD
- Low-income groups live in "chawls"
- Low quality multi-storey buildings
- The poorest 60% live in informal housing
- Thousands live on Mumbai's streets
- Development of Mumbai
- Before 1995, Mumbai was known as Bombay which dated from before India was a British colony
- About 1000 new migrants arrive in Mumbai a day
- Mumbai's population is growing by 3% a year
- This rapid growth is called hyper-urbanization
- Population
- 2015: 16 million
- 2020: 20 million
- By 2050 it will probably be the worlds largest city
- Growth
- Mumbai has expanded in arear and population
- New suburbs are growing caused by migration of the middle class from cities
- 60% live in slum suburbs
- Rural-Urban migration
- Maharashtra receives most migrants because it is the wealthiest state
- Rural migrants move to the biggest cities
- Mumbai offers: jobs, entertainment, education and higher incomes
- Natural increase
- Migrants tend to be in theier 20s and 30s
- Those who find work often settle and start families
- Untitled
- Investment has grown in services, construction manufacturing, entertainment and leisure
- The growth of Mumbai puts pressure on the land.
- Economic opportunities
- Many people in Mumbai work in the informal economy
- This means no regular wage, contract, job security, health and safety or pension
- But it does add US$1 billion to the GPD each year
- Many people who work in the informal economy live in the slums
- Dharavi is the largest slum and quality of life is poor
- Many people in Mumbai work in the informal economy
- Life at the....
- bottom
- Dharavi
- 1 million people
- 2.39km^2
- 13-17 people per home
- average house is 10m^2
- 625 people per toliet
- 69% literacy rate
- Shanty houses
- Up to 10 families share a tap
- Toilets' are not free
- Dharavi
- Middle
- Small flat
- All sleep in one room
- The middle class is growing and their incomes are rising
- Nearly every family has a TV and mobile phone
- Top
- Speak English
- Company provided apartment
- High-spec one bedroom apartment costs £320000 in Mumbai
- bottom
- Problems Ahead
- Housing Shortages
- Mumbai's population is growing and there are housing shortages
- City authorities have no money
- The government limits rent so private companies are put off
- Many live in cramped rooms, far from work
- People squat on strrets and spare land
- New homes that are built cant be afforded by people
- Air Pollution and Traffic
- Using LPG instead of burning coal
- Improving public transport
- Charging higher road tax on old vehicles
- Water Supply and Waste Disposal
- 60% of Mumbai's population uses communal taps
- In slums, water only runs for 30 minutes a day
- Factories dump untreated water into rivers
- 800 million liters of untreated sewage go into the river everyday
- 80% of Mumbai's waste is recycled
- The recycling industry is worth US$1.5 million and employs 10000 people
- Employment conditions vary for many people
- Most of Dharavi's factories are illegal
- Tax is a problem
- Housing Shortages
- Sustainable Mumbai
- Vision Mumbai
- LSS
- Site and Situation
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