METHANE
- Created by: wardk
- Created on: 16-07-16 18:31
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- NATURAL GAS
- Extraction
- Unconventional forms of natural gas like shale gas, tight gas, sour gas, coalbed methane and gas hydrates have specific extraction techniques.
- 3 Types: 'Associated' (oil fields), 'Non-Associated' (gas fields) or 'Coalbed Methane' (coal seams)
- Natural gas is forced to the surface by its natural pressure using similar equipment to oil recovery
- Formation
- Released at all stages of crude oil formation from dead tropical marine plankton.
- Released at all stages of coal formation from dead terrestrial vegetation in tropical swamps
- Uses
- Domestic/ industrial heating
- Electricity generation
- Vehicle Fuel
- Export as Liquied Natural Gas (LNG)
- Production of fertilizers & hydrogen
- Availability
- Trade & Economics
- Europe & North America are major consumers
- Gas is locally piped to neighbouring countries e.g.Cananda-North America, Russia-Europe
- LNG is transported worldwide overseas e.g. Africa-Japan/Europe, Australia-China
- Environmental Impacts
- Surplus gas on oil rigs may be burnt to reduce the risk of explosions, cause atmospeheric pollution
- Can easily ignite, global warming GHG, CO poisoning
- Subsidence
- Gas is colour- & odourless so hard to detect leaks
- Transport & Storage
- Tank trucks carry compressed gas move short distances, CNG ships are under development
- Gas is mostly transported through pipelines, impractical across oceans as must be cool
- Technology
- Hydraulic Fracturing
- Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Recovery
- Extraction
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