making crude oil useful
- Created by: ameliaxx
- Created on: 29-04-14 18:51
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- making crude oil useful
- fractional distallation
- Hydrocarbons have different boiling points. They can be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature,
- small hydrocarbons with only a few carbon atoms have low boiling points and are gases
- hydrocarbons with between five and 12 carbon atoms are usually liquids
- large hydrocarbons with many carbon atoms have high boiling points and are solids.
- Because they have different boiling points, the substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation.
- The column is hot at the bottom and cool at the top.
- Substances with high boiling points condense at the bottom and substances with lower boiling points condense on the way to the top.
- Hydrocarbons have different boiling points. They can be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature,
- fossil fuels
- crude oil
- dead marine organisms
- gas
- dead marine organisms
- coal
- dead plant material
- gas
- non renewable
- took a long time to form and we are using them up faster than they can be renewed
- finite resources
- once used up, cannot be replaced
- crude oil
- problems in extracting crude oil
- Oil companies can drill down through the impermeable rocks to get it out. They are then able to turn the oil into products that we can use.
- The oil damages feathers and birds may die. Detergents are often used to help clean up oil slicks, but these in turn may harm wildlife.
- political problems: oil producing countries can set high prices and cause problems for the future supply of non- oil producing countries
- distillation
- used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids
- It works when the liquids have different boiling points
- Distillation is commonly used to separate ethanol (the alcohol in alcoholic drinks) from water
- cracking
- Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large hydrocarbon molecules are not efficient
- They do not flow easily and are difficult to ignite
- Crude oil often contains too many large hydrocarbon molecules, and not enough small hydrocarbon molecules, to meet demand. This is where cracking comes in.
- Cracking allows large hydrocarbon molecules to be broken down into smaller alkane and alkene molecules,
- smaller hydrocarbons are more useful as fuels, such as petrols
- alkenes are useful, because they are used to make polymers.
- Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large hydrocarbon molecules are not efficient
- fractional distallation
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