James and his Parliaments

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  • James' Parliaments
    • First Parliament
      • Second session (1605-1606)
        • James tightened the laws around Catholic tolerance after the Gunpowder Plot.
      • First Session (1604)
        • In the election for MP of Buckingham, Francis Goodwin won but was annulled due to him having outstanding debts.
          • Parliament claimed that they had the right to sort undisputed elections but James saw this as a challenge to his prerogative.
            • Nevertheless, both sides compromised and a new election was held.
        • Shirley's Case
          • MP Thomas Shirley was arrested for not paying his debt.
            • Parliament wanted to establish the parliamentary privilege of freedom of arrest.
              • This would give parliament more power as they challenged the law.
                • This was a threat to James it gave parliament exemption which would only be allowed for the King.
      • Third Session (1606-1607)
        • Union with Scotland
          • James wanted a Union and Parliament was adamantly against it.
            • It resulted in the Union being blocked leaving James disappointed.
        • Form of Apology and Satisfaction
          • Documents summing up the right of the Commons and asserted that their privileges were under threat.
            • Parliament wanted freedom of speech ad believed that the King should not make decisions on religion without Parliament.
              • However, this was never formally presented to the King but left and undertone that decisions of the King should be approved by Parliament.
                • This causes trouble for Charles later.
      • Fourth Session
        • Parliament dissolved after the failure of the Great Contract.
    • Second Parliament: Addled Parliament (1614)
      • Great Contract discussed and failed.
      • Lasted no more than 8 weeks.
      • James' debt increased to £680,000, and without any financial advisors he needed the help of subsidies from Parliament.
        • James asked for the costs to cover Elizabeth's wedding and his son, Henry's funeral.
      • James dissolved parliament when the Commons failed to grant him subsidies.
    • Third Parliament (1621-1622)
      • 2 subsides of £140,000 given for war.
      • MP's attacked James and Buckingham on monopolies.
        • Edward Coke and Lionel Cranfield impeached their rival Francis Bacon due to his monopolies.
        • Buckingham was James' favourite.
      • Parliament was against the Spanish Match and so produced the Petition of Right on December 3, 1621, criticising it.
        • James said foreign policy was not for discussion.
          • As a result, the Commons produced the Protestation of 1621 on 18 December.
            • It declared Parliaments right to discuss foreign policy matters.
              • James was furious and tore the Protestation up and dissolved Parliament.
    • Fourth Parliament: Happy Parliament (1624)
      • The Commons voted £300,000 for a naval war.
        • James, however, wanted peace and pushed for an anti-Spanish war
          • This resulted in the Howard Coalition with Charles as they pushed for war.
      • The Earl of Middlesex (Lionel Cranfield) was impeached after challenging Buckingham.
      • Monopolies were still being over used so the Statute of Monopolies was put in place putting a limit to how many could be granted.

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