Interconnected World Foundations

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  • Foundations
    • Theories of Globalisation
      • time space compression
        • aided by technology
      • interlocking scales of bodies
        • brand recognition offers familiarity
      • History
        • colonialism, exploration and expansion
          • imperialism & industrialisation
            • 'Proper' globalisation
              • IMF, WB, UN bringing global economy together, decolonisation, uneven development, TNC power
            • mass employment, established empires, formal flows
          • merchant capitalism, drives expansion, increased flows, better living standards
      • rejections of globalisation
        • Brexit, Trump "make america great again", Putin "restoration of Russia
    • Alternative stories
      • Carribean - Windrush Scandal
        • preglobalisation people had more rights as british citizens than do now due to decolonisation
      • Environment damage
        • transforming of landscape
          • similar landscape globally
      • Indigenous People
        • settler colonialism
          • land taken by colonizers who defend against the indigenous
        • New Zealand
          • Maori people still disadvantaged
            • Bc of modernisation lack of access to education, healthcare, food
        • cultural homogenisation
    • Local and Global
      • planetary urbanisation
      • objects interact with many 'locals'
        • farmer -> manager -> transporter -> buyers -> consumer -> waste
      • value of local difference / diversity
      • UN SDG's
        • international cooperation, global concern, global collaboration, focus on local solutions
      • Antarctica
        • Claims
          • melting -> exploitation, dependency
        • Trading routes
          • new economic & cultural connections, impact on products, impact on other locals eg Panama
        • People
          • indigenous people
          • control of people in past was limited
          • enforced restrictions on right to live nomadically, enforced citizenship
    • Anthropocene
      • argues that humans are the main factor driving life on earth
      • Cenozoic Era -> quaternary -> holocene   -> anthropocene
      • debate over when it started
        • oldest suggest over 2000 years ago when agriculture evidence found
          • suggest early industrial revolution (1759). it is baseline for GHG
            • most popular is 1950 as nuclear elements and onset of climate change seen
      • Water
        • economic commodity, development as SDG, political as borders, social as access differs
        • Netherlands - rising sea level, canalisation, subsistence of land
        • Role of human and non-human factors
      • Anthropocene cities
        • changes to flora and fauna
        • construction adds elements to environment
        • urban heat island effect
        • cities are disproportionately responsible for climate change
      • Anthropocene Geopolitics
        • climate migration, shifting borders, limited resources
      • Fire
        • growth of corporations and power, clearing land eg Saudi oil fields
      • Uneven Vulnerability
        • theory of Capitalocene
          • "capital drives beyond spatial barriers"

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