Immunity
Mind map for the key components of Immunity, notes taken from James Torrance Higher Human Biology textbook
- Created by: chloe
- Created on: 25-04-13 13:20
View mindmap
- Immunity
- Innate
- inborn/unchanging
- defence you are born with -> skin, cilia etc
- phagocytosis
- process by which foreign bodies are engulfed and destroyed
- phagocyte
- monocyte - type of white blood cell
- macrophage - large cells derived from monocytes, found in connective tissue
- cytoplasm of a phagocyte contains a rich supply of lysosomes
- some fuse with the vacuole and release their enzymes
- contain digestive enzymes
- Acquired
- do not have this when we are born, it is acquired through time
- antigens
- complex molecules which are recognised as alien by the bodies lymphotcytes
- the antigens presence stimulates lymphocytes to produce antibodies
- antibodies
- Y-shaped molecule
- the body has thousands of different types of lymphocyte, each capable of responding to one specific antigen and producing the appropriate antibody
- each arm has a receptor site which is specific to a particular antigen
- Naturally Acquired
- B cells
- some become memory cells
- some mass produce required antibody
- antibodies pass into lymph and blood plasma
- they combine at their receptor sites with antigen, making it harmless
- they multiply rapidly
- stimulated by presence of antigen
- humoral response
- T cells
- Helper T
- patrol the body and on recognising alien antigens on the surfaces of viruses they activate killer T cells and macrophages
- do not kill pathogens directly
- Killer T
- destroys infected cell by coming into direct contact with it and releasing a chemical which perforates the cell membrane
- cell mediated response
- acts against cancer cells and brings about the rejection of transplant tissue
- Helper T
- B cells
- Innate
Comments
No comments have yet been made