Treatment c1200-modern

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  • Treatment of Illness through different time periods
    • 1200
      • The  Theory of Opposites
        • Developed by Claudius Galen (Ancient Rome doctor)
        • Disease could be treated by restoring the balance of the four humours
          • This would be done by treating the opposite symptom
            • For Example, if a patient said they were shivering and sweating, then they would be warmed and dried
      • Phlebotomy
        • Leeches or lancets would be used to remove the excess of blood (the most common imbalance)
      • Herbal Remedies
        • Thousands of years of knowledge was passed down about properties of herbs and plants
          • A range of treatments were available. Some were more successful than others
      • NUMBER 1 TREATMENT
        • Prayer and Pilgrimage
          • Commonly used. People would ask God to forgive their sins so they would be cured.
            • Pilgrimages by the sick were also common as they were hoping for miracles to cure them.
      • Purging
        • Imbalances of black/ yellow bile would be treated with emetics and laxatives
          • Emetics = person would vomit.        Laxatives = person would have a bowel movement
    • 1500
      • Phlebotomy
      • Purging
      • Herbal Remedies
      • NEW TREATMENT WERE BASED ON THE 4 HUMOURS
        • Sweating
          • Restoring the balance of the humours by encouraging the humours to be sweated out
        • Transference
          • Transferring the disease to an animal or object
            • For example, rubbing a stone on a boil to draw the illness out
        • Iatrochemistry
          • Also known as medical chemistry
          • Alchemy led to people searching for chemicals and minerals to use as treatments
    • 1700
      • Phlebotomy
        • Although discredited by William Harvey  it was still regularly prescribed by doctors
          • This was because it was still a common and understood treatment.
      • Hospital Care
        • The work of individuals like Florence nightingale encouraged the growth of modern hospitals where patients could receive compassionate, hygienic and prompt medical care.
      • Surgery
        • More complex surgery could be carried out to treat disease and illness.
          • This was because of a greater understanding of anaesthetics (pain relief), the effects of infection and  the consequences of blood loss.
      • Patent Medicines
        • Increasing scientific understanding led to a desire for modern ‘scientific’ medicines.
          • Medicines were produced which claimed to use chemicals or new drugs to cure many (if not all) diseases.
    • Modern
      • Scientists continued to work on developing new vaccinations to prevent diseases
        • Continued to build on the work of Pasteur  and Koch.
      • The germ Theory had proven the need to keep living areas and water clean
      • Methods for treating disease were stilll limited.
        • Scientists began looking into chemical treatments.

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