Holderness Coastline - example of coastal management - Geography Casestudy
- Created by: whimsical_bench
- Created on: 20-07-23 15:54
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- The Holdness Coastline - an example of a section of coastline + costal managemnt
- Location
- East coast of England
- 60km stretch, starting in north with headland and finishing in south with a spit
- North sea so short fetch but strong winter storms
- low rainfall - saturated ground
- Fastest Eroding Coastline in north-west Europe
- East coast of England
- Landforms
- Erosion
- Flamborough Head (in North)
- Bridlington Bay
- Deposition
- Sand bar
- Spurn Point/Head
- Key Towns
- Bridlington, Hornsea, Mapleton, Easlington
- Erosion
- Coastal Management
- Causes
- Loose on average 1-2m a year
- clay is loosely bound together - driven apart by hydraulic action; abrasion + rotational slip
- any material deposited is moved by longshore drift - waves hit cliffs with full force as no beach to slow
- Flamborough head = SSI --> visitors walk + remove vegetation, weaker, erode faster
- 300m in 15pyrs at Kilnsea
- 1.7m a year --> 3.3m a year just past Mappleton, before + after defences
- Impacts
- buildings destroyed + farms gone into sea --> businesses destroyed
- houses, caravan parks + roads taken into sea due to erosion
- difficult to sell houses as do not have longterm future
- Sandy Beaches Caravan Park run by Lee Reed is affected as pitches fall into sea
- Spurn Point important to shipping and lifeboats, affected
- Defences in time will form artificial headlands with differential erosion
- Responses
- Bridlington - protected as residential area
- 3.6km of high masonry; concrete seawalls; groynes
- Mappleton - defended due to main road close to sea
- Rock armor (61,500 tonnes) protecting 450m section; cliffs stabilised by reducing gradient + vegetation; sloping revetment
- Defenses give people confidence to invesst in business
- Garage in Mappleton - confirmed road has a future
- Plus allows people to get morgages
- Easlington - protected as 25% of gas supplies delivered through the gas terminal
- 1km revetment w/ 133,000 tonnes rock armor
- Defences cost East Riding council £200,000 every year and increasing
- Kilnsea = undefended as cost more than benefit (only 8 houses)
- Could affect defences at spurn point
- Spurn Point - protected
- road replaced with low lying moveable road as spit may move; let current defences wear away also allowing moment
- it naturally has a 250yr cycle of destruction and rebirth
- road replaced with low lying moveable road as spit may move; let current defences wear away also allowing moment
- Hornsea = protected
- 1.86km of concrete seawalls; groynes; rock armor;
- Withernsea = protected
- 2.26km of concrete seawalls; timber groynes; rock armour (inc offshore rock armour reef)
- Bridlington - protected as residential area
- Causes
- Geology
- Boulder clay from last ice age, easily weathered and eroded; headland made of chalk
- Location
- Roll back policy
- local planning guidelines now prohibit all building development within 30m of cliff edge + most 30-200m
- Caravan sites are encouraged to move back 400m gradually so local economy can be maintained
- The Holdness Coastline - an example of a section of coastline + costal managemnt
- Location
- East coast of England
- 60km stretch, starting in north with headland and finishing in south with a spit
- North sea so short fetch but strong winter storms
- low rainfall - saturated ground
- Fastest Eroding Coastline in north-west Europe
- East coast of England
- Landforms
- Erosion
- Flamborough Head (in North)
- Bridlington Bay
- Deposition
- Sand bar
- Spurn Point/Head
- Key Towns
- Bridlington, Hornsea, Mapleton, Easlington
- Erosion
- Coastal Management
- Causes
- Loose on average 1-2m a year
- clay is loosely bound together - driven apart by hydraulic action; abrasion + rotational slip
- any material deposited is moved by longshore drift - waves hit cliffs with full force as no beach to slow
- Flamborough head = SSI --> visitors walk + remove vegetation, weaker, erode faster
- 300m in 15pyrs at Kilnsea
- 1.7m a year --> 3.3m a year just past Mappleton, before + after defences
- Impacts
- buildings destroyed + farms gone into sea --> businesses destroyed
- houses, caravan parks + roads taken into sea due to erosion
- difficult to sell houses as do not have longterm future
- Sandy Beaches Caravan Park run by Lee Reed is affected as pitches fall into sea
- Spurn Point important to shipping and lifeboats, affected
- Defences in time will form artificial headlands with differential erosion
- Responses
- Bridlington - protected as residential area
- 3.6km of high masonry; concrete seawalls; groynes
- Mappleton - defended due to main road close to sea
- Rock armor (61,500 tonnes) protecting 450m section; cliffs stabilised by reducing gradient + vegetation; sloping revetment
- Defenses give people confidence to invesst in business
- Garage in Mappleton - confirmed road has a future
- Plus allows people to get morgages
- Easlington - protected as 25% of gas supplies delivered through the gas terminal
- 1km revetment w/ 133,000 tonnes rock armor
- Defences cost East Riding council £200,000 every year and increasing
- Kilnsea = undefended as cost more than benefit (only 8 houses)
- Could affect defences at spurn point
- Spurn Point - protected
- road replaced with low lying moveable road as spit may move; let current defences wear away also allowing moment
- it naturally has a 250yr cycle of destruction and rebirth
- road replaced with low lying moveable road as spit may move; let current defences wear away also allowing moment
- Hornsea = protected
- 1.86km of concrete seawalls; groynes; rock armor;
- Withernsea = protected
- 2.26km of concrete seawalls; timber groynes; rock armour (inc offshore rock armour reef)
- Bridlington - protected as residential area
- Causes
- Geology
- Boulder clay from last ice age, easily weathered and eroded; headland made of chalk
- Location
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