Flood Management Stratagies
- Created by: ManicGiraffe
- Created on: 10-05-16 11:36
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- Flood Management Stragagies
- Hard Engineering
- Dams- huge wall built across rivers, forming a reservoir behind. Flood waters caught by the dam preventing flooding downstream
- Turbines often built generating electricity. Steady water release allows irrigation of land below. Reservoir can be used for recreation
- Expensive. Land flooded by reservoirs created. Affects wildlife. Sediment trapped by rivers can cause it to fail
- Channel Straightening- meanders are removed making water flow faster, reducing flooding as water doesn't build up
- Less time to navigate the river
- Flooding risk greater downstream and erosion. Disturbs wildlife habitats
- Leeves- Embankments built along rivers, so them can hold more water without overflowing
- Allow flood plains to be built on
- Expensive. Serve flooding if breaches
- Diversion Spillways- Channels that take water elsewhere if water levels too high.
- Could cause flooding where the diversion rejoins river. Overwhelmed spillways, may cause flooding in areas not used to flooding
- Dams- huge wall built across rivers, forming a reservoir behind. Flood waters caught by the dam preventing flooding downstream
- Soft Engineering
- Land use management- planning restrictions on floodplain, more water can then be infiltrated
- Reduced impacts of flooding. Provides recreational areas.
- Restricts development. Can't be used in already urbanised areas.
- Wetland and riverbank conservation- wetlands store flood water slowing it down. Also planting on river banks increases interception.
- Provided habitats. Protects surface from soil erosion.
- Less land for farming
- River Restoration- makes the river more natural, allowing the flood plain to flood naturally.
- Little maintenance. Provides habitat for wildlife.
- Local flood risk increases
- Alteration of urban surfaces- increasing infiltration, increasing the lag time.
- Pollutants in water are removed by soil before reaching the river
- Expensive
- Land use management- planning restrictions on floodplain, more water can then be infiltrated
- Weather forecasts and flood warning
- Warn people of possible floods, so people can evacuate saving lives and people can prepare reducing the damage of flooding
- Not everyone has access to the communication systems used. Flash floods too fast for warnings. People may ignore warnings if they've been wrong previously
- Warn people of possible floods, so people can evacuate saving lives and people can prepare reducing the damage of flooding
- Hard Engineering
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