Establishing Communist Party Control, 1917-24

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  • Establishing Communist Control (1917-24)
    • First World War
      • Russia incapable of providing supplies & Tsar an incompetent leader.
      • 1917 - economic crises, defeat of military & political mismanagement led to February Revolution
      • Provisional Government set up after Tsar was overthrown
    • The Provisional Government
      • Series of reforms:
        • Despotism replaced by a liberal system
        • Democratic elections to form a new government
        • Freedom of expression, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion.
      • Problem: continued to fight in First World War
        • Economy got worse - Lenin's message more popular
      • Radical RSDLP member, Lenin, wanted a second revolution and end to WW1 - "Peace, Land & Bread"
      • October 1917 - Bolsheviks had enough support to overthrow government.
        • Lenin & Trotsky's coup.
    • Lenin's ideology
      • Replace capitalism and imperialism with socialism
        • Allow people to be free and equal
    • The Marxist view of history
      • Marx - German philosopher and revolutionary
        • Believed workers should rise and destroy capitalism
      • Theory of history: Primitive Communism-Classical Slavery- Feudalism- Capitalism
      • Progress from one stage to another due to class conflict
      • Believed capitalism would be replaced by socialism
    • The State and Revolution
      • Marx's writing - no clear indication of how revolution should be carried out
    • Background to Bolshevik Revolution
      • People had no political right
      • Weak economy - only 2.4 million of 140 million worked in large factories
      • Growth of underground parties: Russian Social Democratic Labour's Party, Socialist Revolutionaries

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