Conscience OCR Ethics

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  • Created by: SerenM
  • Created on: 16-01-18 11:30
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  • Conscience
    • Butler
      • Human Nature
        • see notes
      • Natural Guide
        • GOD GIVEN ability to REASON
        • 'Our natural guide, the guide assigned to us by the author of our nature'
      • Ultimate Authority
        • the conscience should have ULTIMATE AUTHORITY over all our INSTINCTS
        • 2 principles - self love + benevolence
          • the conscience adjudicates between these 2 principles
      • Evaluation
        • We must listen to our conscience bc it is GOD GIVEN
    • Freud
      • Key Terms
        • Id
          • Pleasure principle, driven by instincts - unconscious
        • Ego
          • the mediation between the id and the superego
        • Superego
          • Contradicts Id uses internalised ideals from parents and society to make the ego behave morally
      • The Concept of Guilt
        • Created by the superego, guilt causes wrongdoing - its a result of internal conflict in the mind
      • The Presence of God
        • No reference to God - religion causes the super ego to become over active
      • Psychosexual Development
        • Oral - 0-1 sucking            Anal - 1-3 withholding + expelling          Phallic - 3-6 masturbation    Latency - 6-puberty absence of sexual motivation        Genital - puberty-adult sex                   If not completed then leads to bad habits
      • The Process of Moral Decision Making
        • Conscience = culturally dependent
        • Moral choices strike a balance between our desires and socially acceptable behaviour
        • Unconscious mind (repressed) , preconscious mind (memories not readily available), conscious mind (current thoughts)
    • Aquinas
      • Key Terms
        • Ratio
          • describes reason - everyone has it due to the concept tof 'imago dei'
        • Synderesis
          • To follow the GOOD and avoid EVIL
        • Vincible ignorance
          • A lack of knowledge for which a person is responsible and CAN be blamed
        • Invincible ignorance
          • A lack of knowledge for which a person is responsible and CANNOT be blamed
        • Conscienta
          • the process of a person using their reason to make moral judgements
      • The Concept of Guilt
        • Gods grace expels guilt - guilt occurs due to a breakdown in you relationship with God
      • The Presence of God
        • Knowledge leads us to the knowledge of Gods law - CONSCIENTA leads to closeness with God through grace
      • The Process of Moral Decision making
        • Involves the application of ratio, synderesis and conscienta

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