Civil rights in the USA 1950s/60s

Created by: blackbird909
Created on: 27-04-17 14:20

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Civil rights
- Actions
  - Montgomery Bus Boycott
    - Rosa Parks refused to give up seat for white person
    - Kept boycott up for one year
    - Martin Luther King chairman
    - Supreme court: Desegragation of buses
  - Brown v. Topeka 1954
    - Supreme court ruled school segregation unconstitutional
    - Little Rock 1957
      - 9 black students to integrate
      - Eckford mobbed by angry crowd and refused entry into school
      - Eisenhower sent federal troops
      - Governor Faubes oppoesed and called national guard
  - Sit-ins
    - 1960 Greensboro local lunch counter
    - Student nonviolent co-ordinating comittee
  - Freedom riders
    - Dec 1960 supreme court ordered desegragation of buses
    - Summer 1961 riders tested facilities
    - Attacked and mobbed 400 arrested, 3 killed
    - Anniston, Alabama:Bus was firebombed
  - Birmingham march 1963
    - Many arrested, including MLK
    - 1000 children jailed
    - Fire hoses and dogs aimed at children
  - March on Washington 1963
    - 300,000 people
    - MLK speech
    - Support for movement rose
    - Broadcast live around world
- Protestors
  - Malcolm X and NOI
    - Did not believe integration would stop discrimination
    - Violence should be met with violence
    - NOI: blacks superior to whites, seperation, not involved in civil rights activities or white politicians
    - Malcolm X left NOI set up radical civil rights group
    - Muhammed Ali
  - Martin Luther King
    - Montgomery Bus Boycott
      - Rosa Parks refused to give up seat for white person
      - Kept boycott up for one year
      - Martin Luther King chairman
      - Supreme court: Desegragation of buses
    - Peaceful methods: - picketing- boycotts- sit-ins-jail-ins-mass marches
    - Liked by white politicians because of peaceful actions and cooperation
    - Assassination 1968
      - Set of explosion and riots
        Damaged image of black protestors and lost support
      - 1965 onwards wave of riots
        4000 arrested
        
        much more violent
    - March on Washington 1963
      - 300,000 people
      - MLK speech
      - Support for movement rose
      - Broadcast live around world
  - Black Panthers
    - Set up in 1966
    - Violent reputation (carried guns, had uniforms)
    - Improve socio-economic circumstances for blacks
  - 1965 onwards wave of riots
    - 4000 arrested
    - much more violent
- Legislation
  - Brown v. Topeka 1954
    - Supreme court ruled school segregation unconstitutional
    - Little Rock 1957
      - 9 black students to integrate
      - Eckford mobbed by angry crowd and refused entry into school
      - Eisenhower sent federal troops
      - Governor Faubes oppoesed and called national guard
  - Meredith Case 1961-62
    - Black student denied to go to uni because of his race
    - NAACP fought for federal ruling to admit him and won
    - Denied entry by governor and uni
    - Kennedy sent 3000 troops
  - Kennedy
    - Appointed blacks to key positions in govt.
    - Wanted to keep South happy - did not act decisvely
  - Civil Rights Act 1964
    - Started by Kennedy, signed by Johnson
    - Banned discrimination in work, edu & public (1 voting test)
    - South resisted
      - Protestors marched from Selma to Montgomery 1965, attacked
  - Voting Rights Act 1965
    - Set up national literacy test for people registering to vote
    - Federal examiners to check fairness

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Civil rights in the USA 1950s/60s

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