Chapter 6 -Thatcher and the end of consensus, 1979-97
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- Chapter 6 -Thatcher and the end of consensus, 1979-97 pgs 42-50
- Why did thatcher win three elections in a row
- she was popular with a large number of voters
- some had traditionally supported labour
- she was popular with a large number of voters
- 1983 election
- unemployment and economic problems reduced the popularity of the government 1981
- but gained support after victory in Falklands
- unemployment and economic problems reduced the popularity of the government 1981
- the 1987 election
- tories won more votes than in 1979 or 1983 there policies were popular key sections of the electorate
- They were ahead in the opinion polls
- selling of houses and shares in privatized industries
- Unemployment was falling and the pound was strong
- The labour had not recovered
- they won 1.5 million votes more than in 1983
- How successful were Thatcher's economic and social policies
- inflation
- retail prices doubled between 1973 and 1979
- she believed economic recovery depended on conquering inflation
- believed inflation should be tackled by monetarism
- taxation policies
- indirect to direct taxation
- intially made inflation worse
- howe resorted to the deflationary measures used by previous governments to tackle inflation
- intially made inflation worse
- indirect to direct taxation
- howe's economic policies and economic problems
- had a positive impact on inflation but contributed to down turn in the economy
- prices rose slower in 1983
- manufacturing output fell - many firms went out of business
- higher interest rates boosted overseas confidence
- 1981 riots broke out due to unemplyoemtn social tension and poverty
- 1982 Britain's economy showed signs of recovery 1982
- Britain's economy became more competitive
- privatization
- thatcher felt it was fundementle in improving Britain's economic performance
- she maintained nationalised industries that were over-manned and efficient
- would be better ale to raise investment capital once released from government control
- It was very popular by 1990 there was 11 million shareholders
- tax cuts and deregulation
- Howe's policy of shifting revenue from direct to indirect taxes
- indirect taxes such as VAT, petrol tax and other duties were increased
- financial services act 1896 deregulated the London stockmarket
- this meant that the city of London's market was revitalised
- but increased London rest of the country divide
- this meant that the city of London's market was revitalised
- the economic record of the thatcher governments
- inflation
- The Social policies of the thatcher government's
- The NHS
- applied business principles
- hospitals in control of their own budgets
- gps had own budgets
- Schools
- added gcses open to all students
- Universities
- wanted universities to be self sufficient
- they removed polytechnics
- did not abolish grants for students
- university funding council created to ensure education reflected needs of the industry
- wanted universities to be self sufficient
- Council House sales
- gave people to own there own homes to make them less socialist
- property ownership increased by 12%
- The NHS
- How Successfully did Thatcher deal with industrial relations
- Thatchers aims
- wanted to tackle the unions
- because union power made British firms noncompetitive
- there would be more jobs when British industry adapted to conditions
- wanted to tackle the unions
- Thatcher's legislation
- She learnt lessons from the 1971 industrial relations act and introduced changes consecutively not all at once
- 1980- secondary picketing outlawed unions encouraged to hold ballots
- 1982 employment act restricted sympathy strikes and allowed closed shop only if there wa 85% support
- greater compensation for people sacked for not joining a union
- 1984 unions required to hold ballots before strike action
- her policies accelerated the social and economic changes that had been effecting the trade union membership
- The Miners strike 1984-85
- NCB - Facing a losss of £250 million for 1983-4 alone
- government not prepared to support failing industries
- started due to the closure of 20 unecnomic pits
- Why was the miners strike defeated
- It was't legal
- people not prepared to support the extremist Arthur scargill
- Miners weren't united
- Miners lost support due to violence on the picket lines
- it was held during the summer - people didn't need coal
- The impact of the strike
- some felt she had destroyed livelihoods and communities
- Others felt she had succesfuly controlled the unions
- forced miners to realise there industry was unsustainable
- Thatchers aims
- 1979 election
- mostly decided in london
- Previous decades enlarged middle class resentful about strikes
- Labour maintained seats in Scotland and wales
- Why did thatcher win three elections in a row
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