C'est vs Il Est

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  • C'est vs Il Est
    • C'est
      • Ce + Est
        • You must use "ce" when être is followed by any determiner, i.e. un, or possessive adjective, i.e. mon
        • C'est is a contraction of ce + est and an alternative to il/elle est
      • C'est + Noun
        • Do you have a noun? If so, use c'est. Even if the noun is separated by an article or an adjective!
          • C'est un sac --> It is a bag
          • C'est un belle voiture --> It is a beautiful car
          • C'est un médecin --> He is a doctor
          • C'est un Français --> He is French
      • C'est + Adjective
        • C'est is used when using an adjective to make a general comment about (but not describe) a thing or situation
        • Descriptions of people and things in general
          • C'est beau, un enfant --> It's beautiful, a child
          • C'est beau, un rose --> It's beautiful, a rose
        • Collective opinions
          • La mer, c'est beau! --> The sea is beautiful!
          • Une rose, c'est beau! --> A rose is beautiful
        • Personal opinions
          • Oui, c'est beau! --> Yes, it is beautiful
          • Oui, c'est bon! --> Yes, it's good!
      • C'est is used for singulars, ce sont for plurals
        • C'est un homme --> He's a man, This is a man, That is a man
        • Ce sont des chats --> They're cats, These are cats, Those are cats
        • C'est mon chien --> It's my dog, This is my dog, That's my dog
    • Il Est
      • Il Est + Adjective
        • If an adjective, adverb or both appear after être with no noun following them, use il est
          • Elle est belle   --> It is beautiful
          • Il est très fort  --> He is very strong
          • Ils sont grands --> They are tall
        • People
          • Il est grand --> He is tall
          • Elle est petite --> She is small
        • Things
          • Elle est jolie   --> It is pretty
          • Il est court --> It is short
        • Descriptions of people and things in particular
          • Il est beau, cet enfant --> He is beautiful, this child
          • Elle est belle, cette rose --> It is beautiful, this rose
        • Professions, Nationalities, and Religions
          • Can be used as adjectives if no other adjective describes it
          • Il est Français --> He is French
          • Il est médecin
  • If you have an article following être, it's always going to be followed by a noun,, so use c'est!

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