Carbonyl compounds
- Created by: Ash_angel
- Created on: 17-02-19 11:29
View mindmap
- Carbonyl Compounds
- Function group: C=O
- compounds include Aldehydes and Ketones
- Reducing carbonyls
- use sodium borohydride, NaBH4 as a reducing agent
- Reduction of aldehyde: 2[H] and reducing agent into primary alcohol
- Reduction of ketones: 2[H] and reducing agent into secondary alcohol.
- This is an example of a Nucleophillic addition reactions
- Reaction with carbonyls
- Reacts with Hydrogen cyanide to produce hydroxynitriles
- This is a example of a Nucleophilic addition reactions
- Normally done with NaCN/H+ which is less dangerous than HCN which is very toxic
- Brady's reagent
- 2,4-DNPH
- forms bright orange precipitate if a carbonyl group is present
- You can find the unknown carbonyl compound by comparing it's melting point with known compounds
- Each different carbonyl compound produces a crystalline derivative with a different melting point.
- Tollen's reagent
- Allows you to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone.
- Aldehyde can be easily oxidised to carboxylic acid while ketones can't.
- The oxidising agent gets reduced as aldehyde is oxidised. As it does it changes colour.
- Aldehyde can be easily oxidised to carboxylic acid while ketones can't.
- It is a colourless solution of silver nitrate dissolved in aqueous ammonia.
- It forms a silver mirror when aldehyde is present
- Allows you to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone.
- Reacts with Hydrogen cyanide to produce hydroxynitriles
Comments
No comments have yet been made