Carbohydrates
- Created by: Amber
- Created on: 11-09-18 21:07
View mindmap
- Carbohydrates
- Function
- Main source of Energy
- Deficiency
- Lack of energy - tiredness, dizzy
- Weight loss, no energy so uses fat from other parts of body
- Severe weakness, body uses up protein and causes a loss of muscle
- Not enough fibre - constipation
- Excess
- Obesity - extra is converted to fat
- Tooth decay - too many sugary foods
- Type 2 Diabetes - simple carbs quickly digested, causes rapid surges in blood sugar levels.
- If blood sugar levels fluctuate too wildly - leads to diabetes
- Deficiency
- Get rid of waste products (dietary fibre)
- Main source of Energy
- Complex Carbohydrates (starch)
- Polysaccharides
- Made up of lots of monosaccharides joined together
- eg starches are made up of lots of glucose molecules
- They take longer to digest than simple ones so they gradually increase blood sugar levels
- They provide a slow, steady release of energy
- Starchy foods like wholewheat bread and potatoes
- Polysaccharides
- Glycaemic Index - GI
- Shows how carbs affect blood sugar levels
- High GI foods are digested quickly and cause a rapid rise in blood sugar levels
- High GI foods include white bread/pasta/rice/cornflakes and watermelon
- Low GI foods are digested slowly and cause a gradual rise in blood sugar levels
- Low GI foods include wholewheat bread/pasta/brown rice/peaches and porridge
- Simple Carbohydrates (sugar)
- The body rapidly digests simple carbs, making blood sugar levels rise quickly and providing short burst of energy
- Monosaccharides
- They are the most basic sugar molecules e.g. glucose, fructose and Galactose
- Disaccharides
- They are made up of two monosaccharides e.g. sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose
- Function
Comments
No comments have yet been made