BIS - T5 - RELIGION IN GLOBAL CONTEXT
- Created by: missamy11211
- Created on: 12-06-17 15:09
View mindmap
- BIS - TOPIC 5 - RELIGION IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT
- Religious fundamentalism
- characteristics of
- authoritative sacred text
- only valid truth - dismiss any other view
- use of modern tech.
- to recruit more members
- us and them mentality
- seek to establish certainty against world deemed social chaos
- aggressive reaction
- draw attention to threatened values - intimidate people
- prophecy
- last days upon us soon
- authoritative sacred text
- f.ism and modernity
- Davie: fundamentalism occurs when modernity threatens central values and need defending
- Giddens: today's modern society individuals faced with uncertainty - f.ism attraction is the certainty it brings - answers
- Cosmopolitanism
- contrast to f.ism = [cos.ism] - open to new ideas + lifestyle = personal choice
- ignore hybrid movements of c.ism and f.ism
- ignore how globalisation affects non f.ist religion
- no distinguishing of fundamentalism
- Bruce: monotheism and f.ism
- only religons believing in one God produce f.ists.
- sacred texts mean only one truth is valid
- Polytheistic religions - e.g. open to intepretations - no f.ism
- sacred texts mean only one truth is valid
- Two fundamentalisms
- In Third World: reaction to external hostile forces
- In Western society: reaction to change in society - e.g. banning abortions - reassert 'true religion'.
- only religons believing in one God produce f.ists.
- Davie: secular f.ism
- merged as of changing modern society - Western Europe perceived religious challenges to liberal secular values provoked secular f.ism
- E.g. France in 2004 banned religious symbols in schols, 2010 women could not wear veil
- merged as of changing modern society - Western Europe perceived religious challenges to liberal secular values provoked secular f.ism
- Huntington: clash of civilisations
- religious differences in civilisations (any nation linked to big religion)= source of conflict.
- harder to resolve than political because of deep root in history
- e.g 9/11 terrorist attack = big example of global conflict
- harder to resolve than political because of deep root in history
- Jackson: [orientalism] - stereotyping Eastern nations as untrustworthy. Justifying West's exploitation.
- religious differences in civilisations (any nation linked to big religion)= source of conflict.
- arises where trad values threatened - especially by globalisation. Seek to return to past
- characteristics of
- Bruce: Cultural defence
- Poland
- Catholic Church = identity for many Poles. Suppressed church led to being used as popular rallying point to Soviet Union - Church regained public role.
- Iran
- Islam resistance to growing capitalism - Shah successor aim to widen gap of rich and poor
- such rapid change imposed suffering - led to Islamic Republic as symbol for resistance
- Islam resistance to growing capitalism - Shah successor aim to widen gap of rich and poor
- religion serves to unite community under threat. Two 20th century examples:
- Poland
- Religion and development
- Nanda: God and globalisation in India
- globalisation bought India's M/C.
- Hinduism and consumerism
- globalisation creates many jobs in India. Jobs tied to economy meant people predicted to abandon religion.
- however, most still believe supernatural - fashionable to be religious.
- EXPL: tension of Hindu belief to reject material world + M/C wealth. Use religion to spiritually balance self
- modern Hinduism encourages M/C wealth
- EXPL: tension of Hindu belief to reject material world + M/C wealth. Use religion to spiritually balance self
- however, most still believe supernatural - fashionable to be religious.
- globalisation creates many jobs in India. Jobs tied to economy meant people predicted to abandon religion.
- Hindu - ultranationalism
- India global market success = derived from Hindu values - promoted by media as 'essence of culture'.
- worshipping Hinduism then equals worshipping India itself
- creates gap between Hindu and non-Hindu in India
- Redding: capitalism in East Asia
- China = major global power. Chinese capitalism = [post Confucian values] - trad. Chinese belief system encourages hard work + commitment to education
- similar to Protestant productivity - leads to economic productivity
- China = major global power. Chinese capitalism = [post Confucian values] - trad. Chinese belief system encourages hard work + commitment to education
- Nanda: God and globalisation in India
- Religious fundamentalism
Comments
No comments have yet been made